@xelo

Your output looks exactly like on my stock kernel N950.
And on my OpenMode N9 the output is much longer (incl. certs/aegis stuff).
So I would say your device is in OpenMode but has been booted with the stock kernel. Once you have booted it (which does not require flashing) with an open mode kernel it will stay in OpenMode until a full reflash. But if you can access all functionality depends on the kernel you have flashed/booted afterwards.
Please post the output of
uname -a

Have you flashed the open kernel?
Or using ubiboot?
Or ...


About MfE:
???
Looks like it should at least accept the configs.
Can you reach the site
https://xxxxxx:443/Microsoft-Server-ActiveSync
in your normal browser inside the intranet?
And outside the intranet (internet)?
You should see some MS stuff or a message like
"The page cannot be displayed because the HTTP version is not supported."

I am not sure as this has been done by me ages ago.
possibly you need to give your domain/workgroup/windows/exchange user name instead of the e-mail address name as user!
At least this looks like in my settings on N950.

P.S.:
yep, we may do some testing (but it will be possible mainly in the evening/night only).
Meanwhile you should enable PMs (private messages) in your ControlPanel