You need a short between the 2 data pins of max. 200 Ohms. This is the official USB charging standard followed by all mobile phone manufacturer who agreed to use the micro USB port for charging.
Apple uses an own proprietary standard which is not detected by any other phone.

If it still is not workinhg, then check if you really shorted the right pins (the 2 middle pins). I made myself an USB extension cord with shorted data wires and now all charges I have work fine.
Another reason might be that the voltage of the charger is too low. It should be 5V, but at least 4.7V, else the current will be very low.